几年前,在写了多年的非虚构作品之后,我决定写一部小说——一部罗宾·库克、迈克尔·克莱顿和迈克尔·帕尔默模式的医学惊悚小说。问题是,尽管我知道如何写作,并因非虚构作品获得了许多奖项,但我不知道如何写小说。所以,在敲击键盘之前,我做了一个彻底的文献搜索,包括阅读大量的书籍和数百篇网站文章。我发现根本没有一个好的来源可以学习写作类型小说的技巧。当我开始学习如何写小说时,《写作类型小说:技巧指南》是我一直在寻找的书。这是一种分享我从研究中学到的东西的尝试。它涵盖了类型小说的六个关键要素;各种类型和子类型;大量的类型小说写作技巧;情节、副情节和平行情节; structure; scene and sequel; characterization; dialogue; emotions; and body language. It also covers additional information about copyrighting and plagiarism, where to get ideas, manuscript formatting and revision, and query letters and synopses. In addition, an appendix covers a large number of grammar tips.
美国在选举问题上两极分化严重,但许多影响我们生活的决定都是由未经选举产生的行动者做出的。在这本清晰的历史中,詹姆斯·r·科普兰解释了不负责任的特工如何接管了美国政府的大部分机构。国会在很大程度上放弃了它的权力。“独立的”行政机构每年都炮制出成千上万的新法规。法院使这些规则制定者能够将权力扩大到法律授权之外的范围,同时也限制了行政部门控制官僚庞然大物的努力。普通公民不可能知道什么是合法的,什么是非法的。大约有30万起联邦犯罪,其中98%是由行政行为造成的。规则的泛滥给了未经选举产生的执行者极大的自由裁量权,而制裁的严厉程度对于无意中违反规定的公民来说可能是毁灭性的。在官僚机构之外,私人律师通过诉讼来规范我们的行为。这些诉讼背后的大多数法律理论从未被我们选出的代表投票表决。 A combination of historical accident, decisions by judges and law professors, and self-interested advocacy by litigators has built an onerous and expensive legal regime. Finally, state and local officials may be accountable to their own voters, but some reach further afield, pursuing agendas to dictate the terms of national commerce. These new antifederalists are subjecting the citizens of Wyoming and Mississippi to the whims of the electorates of New York and San Francisco—contrary to the constitutional design. In these ways, the unelected have assumed substantial control of the American republic, upended the rule of law, given the United States the world’s costliest legal system, and inverted the Constitution’s federalism. Copland caps off his account with ideas for charting a corrective course back to democratic accountability.